Cryptography is a powerful mechanism for securing data and keeping them confidential.
The idea is that the original message is scrambled via an algorithm (or cipher), and only those with the correct key can unlock the scrambled message and get back the plaintext contents.
In general,
the strength of a cryptographic algorithm is based on the length and quality of its keys.
Passwords are a similar problem. Based on their length and quality, they should be more difficult to attack either by dictionary, by hybrid,or by brute-force attacks. However, the quality of a password, just as the quality of a cryptographic key, is based on entropy. Entropy is a measure of disorder
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